Yellow fever vacination were discovered when?

rosemarie,

It was in 1939. The South African doctor Max Theiler got yellow fever himself in 1929 and survived it, gaining the immunity that we do if we survive the disease. "Yellow Jack," as it was sometimes called on board ship, could wipe out an entire crew if only one crewman came down with the disease, so it was greatly feared by those who traveled to and in tropical areas.

Working in Cuba around 1900, Walter Reed discovered that it was vectored by a mosquito, so they wpied out the mosquito's habitat there and rid the island of yellow fever by 1902, but that method was not practiable for many other places.

So Theiler started work on a vaccine in 1930. In 1936 he discovered that lab mice can contract the disease and used them rather than rabbits, which made work on it much easier and faster. Working with both mice and monkeys, nine years later, in New York, he finished his work and produced the vaccine.

He was awared the Nobel Prize for it in 1951.

http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art....

http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_7615...

http://www.hcvets.com/approximate_time_l...

Field trials were held in 1937, but the commonly accepted date for vaccine acceptance and production is 1939:

http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medic...

Look down to the 6th paragraph from the beginning as well as the 7th from the end in the lecture. Theiler himself twice uses the date 1939.

In November 1936 by Max Theiler ( South African) and Hugh Smith while working at the Rockefeller Foundation in New York City. But the serum in the vaccine caused hepatitis.

1942- A improved (serum free) version was developed to replace the already mass produced earlier version.

1951 Theiler et al receive the Nobel Prize.


For their development of the 17-D vaccine Theiler et al. received the 1951 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
The break that made it all possible was the discovery that rezus monkeys and lab mice were also susceptible to yellow fever. He used the attenuated ( weakened ) viral strain that he had developed to improve and eventually come up with the vaccine.
This disease has plagued primarily the continents of Africa and south America and his vaccine created immunity for up to 10 years. this brilliant scientist also disproved that yellow fever was caused by a bacteria and had the misfortune of becoming infected himself during his research.

Tricia is right it was in 1936.
The method of vaccination is different from the creation of the vaccine. What Theiler was explaining was that Peltier found a good injection site and method for injecting the vaccine. He had been experimenting with chicks and found out that giving the shot in scarred tissue worked better. He started using that method in France in 1939.