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Explain the pathophysiology for myocardial infarction? |
Explain the pathophysiology for myocardial infarction? A myocardial infarction causes ischemia (lack of oxygen) to the tissues of the heart. This can either be due to a thrombus (clot) or occlusion of the coronary artery from arteriosclerosis. Basically the cells of the myocardium start to die as they are being poisioned by the by-products of cellular metabolism. Once the cells die, they lose functionality, and the section of myocardium involved ceases to beat. If the area of ischemia is large enough (transmural) the myocardium can actually rupture as the cells necrose. Or if it involves a large section of the myocardium (such as a left ventricular infarction) the blood pressure drops precipitously as the stroke volume of the heart decreases. The dead myocardium does not recover, and produces scar tissue. The efficiency of the cardiac output is reduced as a result. essentially it's lack of oxygen to the heart caused by decreased blood flow, usually from a clot in the vessels that go around the heart. |
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