What are the social implications?

what are the social implications of treating kidney failure by transplantation rather than dialysis?

Both transplant and dialysis are forms of treatment. Unless the transplanted kidney is from an identical twin a transplant is not a cure. So you are asking for the social implications of two different treatments. The important decision point is deciding that kidney failure is a societal problem.

Once the decision has been made that kidney failure is a societal problem then looking at the best use of resources comes into play and transplant is less expensive, less resource intensive.

As far as the social implications for the person with kidney failure the dialysis unit can become a source of support and social bonding. Often after a transplant a person can feel disconnected if they have relied on the dialysis unit for social needs. However, after transplant a person should feel better and feel more like having normal social interactions.

Increased longevity of the transplant patient adds to over-population of the world.

We do too much to save the weak, and this reduces the quality of the gene pool

I believe in the survival of the fittest