Dpt immunization adverse effects?

Adverse Reactions: Mild local reactions consisting of erythema, pain and tenderness, swelling and induration at the injection site are common, usually self-limited and subside without treatment.

Up to 70% of children receiving a booster dose at 4 to 6 years of age have been reported to develop local redness and/or swelling 鲁5 cm in diameter. This is generally self-limiting and subsides without treatment.

Persistent nodules at the site of injection have occurred following the use of adsorbed vaccine, but this complication is unusual. Sterile abscess at the site of injection has been reported (6 to 10 per million doses).

Mild to moderate systemic reactions occur frequently following injections of this vaccine. These usually consist of one or more of the following symptoms and signs: temperature elevation 鲁38掳C, drowsiness, fretfulness, anorexia, vomiting, irritability, persistent or unusual crying. These symptoms are most frequent during the first 24 hours following vaccine injection and may persist for 1 to 2 days.The incidence and severity of fever and irritability can be reduced by administration of acetaminophen (15 mg/kg/dose) at the time of inoculation and again 4 and 8 hours after vaccination.

Persistent, inconsolable crying lasting 3 or more hours (1%) and high-pitched, unusual screaming (0.1%) have also been reported after DPT vaccination. Convulsions and a hypotonic-hyporesponsive state have each been reported to occur at a frequency of about 1:1 750 injections of DPT. Most convulsions are brief, generalized and self-limited, and are usually associated with fever. Neither febrile nor afebrile convulsions have been shown to be associated with subsequent seizure disorder. Complete recovery, with no persistent sequelae, has been observed on follow-up of children with hypotonic-hyporesponsive episodes or convulsions. (See also Contraindications and Precautions.)

Although there has been a concern about the possible association of severe neurologic illness (including encephalopathy) occurring within 72 hours of the administration of pertussis-containing vaccines to previously healthy infants, the risk of an association is so small compared to the background rate for these types of events that the question of causation probably cannot be answered.

Reanalysis of the National Childhood Encephalopathy study (NECS) in the United Kingdom has failed to confirm that there was an increased risk of permanent brain damage following acute neurological illness occurring within 7 days of pertussis vaccination. Additional studies have also failed to demonstrate an association between pertussis vaccine and permanent neurologic sequelae.

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been reported in temporal relationship to the administration of vaccines containing diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine (DPT). Review of the evidence does not indicate a causal relationship between DPT vaccine and SIDS. Studies showing a temporal relation between these events are consistent with the expected occurrence of SIDS over the age range in which DPT immunization usually occurs.