How could gestational diabetes be a cause of polyhydramnios?

for my report

Sometimes when the mom is diabetic, the baby has diabetes like complications because the blood sugar levels are just too high. One of these is polyuria, or peeing too much. Now, since amniotic fluid is mostly baby pee, a baby that pees too much has polyuria.

Gestational diabetes puts you at higher risk for a condition called polyhydramnios, in which there is too much amniotic fluid around the fetus. Polyhydramnios can cause the amniotic sac to break or lead to preterm labor.

A single case of polyhydramnios may have one or more causes. About 20% of cases are due to maternal diabetes, which causes hyperglycemia of the fetus, hence fetal polyuria (fetal urine is a major source of amniotic fluid). About another 20% of cases are associated with fetal anomalies that impair the ability of the fetus to swallow (the fetus normally swallows the amniotic fluid). These anomalies includes:

* gastrointestinal abnormalities such as esophageal atresia and duodenal atresia
* chromosomal abnormalities such as Down's syndrome (which is itself often associated with GI abnormalities)
* neurological abnormalities such as anencephaly, which impair the swallowing reflex

In a multiple gestation pregnancy, the cause of polyhydramnios usually is twin-twin transfusion syndrome.
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