What does H.C. and A.C. stand for in a fetal ultrasound report?

The ratio of the Head Circumference to Abdominal circumference (HC/AC) is used to identify asymmetric growth retardation, and when HC/AC is increased, nutritional growth retardation should be suspected.

The abdominal circumference (AC) also changes in diabetic macrosomia, where elevated blood glucose levels lead to increased metabolic storage, increased AC, and decreased HC/AC.

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