Do calcium deposits on teeth go away?

Or do they stay there forever?
If not,
any way to get rid of them,
and what caused them, too much calcium?

(they're little white dots on my teeth, i have braces too, idk if those are calcium deposits or not?)

You have tooth decalcification.

I often see this on people with braces. It's basically caused from plaque sitting on the same spot over and over again.

You can stop them from progressing but they wont go away , unless removed by a dentist & a filling put in it's place. You can prevent them from turning dark, or into cavities, by taking care to brush well around the brackets, & in those "weak" areas & also flossing, & using a fluoride mouthrinse like Act's or Listerine's new purple mouthwash. Look for the word "fluoride" on the bottles.

*Always brush your gums as well (above and below the brackets) angle your toothbrush towards the gums, allowing it to brush up against your gums. This will help prevent spots along the gumline.

white spots are due to several things
1) too much flouride in water or toothpaste or mouthwash or etc.
2) too much white strips treatment
3) tooth drying out (some meds can slow saliva production)

you can't shave them away. if you do, it'll make them worse, unless you fill them back up with matching shade. after you get your braces off, ask your orthodontist about matching the shades of your teeth.
you could also do 'veneers' which is like acyclic nails but for you teeth. but it's sounds like your too young for that extreme. good luck and keep brushing and flossing and if anything where the retainer after you have the metal removed from your mouth.
take care